Abstract
The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of intellectual communities as a special kind of collective unity. Everyday ideas about who intellectuals are reconstructed and their insufficiency for scientific discourse is revealed. The definition of intellectuals given by R. Collins is given and the need for its further clarification and development is shown. An original theory of intellectual activity is presented, which is based on the procedural concept of rationality developed by the author. Its core is the so-called a broadly understood principle of sufficient reason, which receives a transcendental-pragmatic justification in the article. It has been demonstrated that activities consistent with this principle are a factor constituting intellectual communities. Within the framework of the approach developed in the article, intellectuals are understood as people participating in the systematic production of new rational knowledge. An original hypothesis has been put forward about the fractal nature of the process of producing rational knowledge. The characteristics of intellectuals as a social group are given from the point of view of the sociological canon presented by P. Sorokin in his “System of Sociology”. As an important logical consequence of the views developed in the article, the following generalized position is recorded: the education system acts as the primary, basic, universal environment for the formation of intellectual mentality.
Keywords
- intellectuals
- intellectual mentality
- intellectual communities
- procedural concept of rationality
- education
- rational knowledge
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